高负荷吸附式压气机叶栅数值与实验研究

针对无通道激波单纯由强逆压梯度诱导的附面层分离进行了吸附式数值与实验研究.研究对象为某大转折角高负荷吸附式压气机叶栅,利用准三维叶栅通道计算程序（MISES）进行抽吸流场数值模拟,在确定抽吸位置后进行了风洞实验验证.结果表明:抽吸后总压损失系数大幅度降低,对于单纯由强逆压梯度诱导的附面层分离,最佳抽吸位置应该位于附面层分离之后尚未充分发展之处;在确定抽吸位置时可以根据设计状态的分离状况进行;实际中需要的抽吸流量小于计算值;在数值计算中,具体的抽吸模型还有待进一步改进和修正,以使数值模拟更加准确.      

变任务混频寿命相关载荷累积量分布特性

在基于固定任务混频的寿命相关载荷累积量分布特性研究成果的基础上,推导了变任务混频条件下的寿命相关载荷累积量分布特性,结果表明:变任务混频的载荷参数累加量分布函数也是趋于正态分布.并采用数值方法模拟实际飞行过程中变任务混频条件下寿命相关载荷的累积过程,模拟结果和理论结果吻合良好,进一步验证了分析结果的正确性.该结果可用于变任务混频下的寿命可靠性预测.      

亚/超声速楔状流层流边界层速度与温度相似解及拟合解

利用相似变换获得了楔状流层流边界层无量纲流函数的3阶非线性常微分方程,用Runge-Kutta法求解微分方程获得了不同楔形角楔状流层流边界层无量纲速度随相似变量的变化曲线;推导了亚声速和超声速楔状流层流边界层无量纲温度关于相似变量的2阶线性齐次和非齐次微分方程,获得了温度分布的通解,恒壁温条件下亚声速楔状流和绝热壁面条件下超声速楔状流层流边界层无量纲温度解析解及指数函数形式的拟合解.以楔形角为0为例利用相似变换研究了超声速条件下气体压缩性及黏度随温度变化等因素对层流边界层速度与温度的影响,得出不可压缩常物性与可压缩变物性条件下无量纲速度相对误差绝对值小于9.8%的结论.研究表明:Pr越大贴近壁面处无量纲温度变化越剧烈;超声速条件下壁温低于绝热壁温时黏性耗散作用可以使层流边界层气体温度从壁面到主流间出现先升高后降低的变化.      

吸附式低反动度轴流压气机气动设计方法在多级轴流压气机中的应用

随着对吸附式低反动度轴流压气机内部流动细节的逐步深入,进一步完善了多级吸附式低反动度轴流压气机气动设计思想,完成了3级吸附式低反动度轴流压气机气动设计.三维黏性的数值计算结果表明:在第1级动叶入口叶尖切线速度为370m/s的前提下,通过只在首级静叶和末级静叶中进行附面层抽吸,实现了总压比为6.1的3级吸附式低反动度轴流压气机气动设计.附面层总抽吸流量占入口流量的11.3%.在不考虑附面层抽吸对流动效率影响的前提下,3级效率达到88.1%.      

Numerical investigation of the impact of asymmetric fuel injection on shock train characteristics

Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the impact of asymmetric fuel injection on shock train characteristics using the commercial-code FLUENT. The asymmetry of fuel injection is examined by changing the fuel flow rates of the upper and lower wall fuel injectors. The numerical approach solves the two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations, supplemented with a k-ω model of turbulence. As a result, different ways of fuel injections will always lead to shock train transitions, with the variations of shock train structure, strength and leading edge position. For symmetric fuel injection, the flowfield of the isolator is quite asymmetric with the boundary layer of the upper wall side developing much stronger than that of the lower wall, which is due to the heterogeneity of the incoming flow. Regarding to asymmetric fuel injection with more of lower wall side, though the pressures in the combustor are nearly the same, the first shock of the shock train converts between ‘Distinct symmetric X type shock’ and ‘Obscure and weaker asymmetric shock’ and the shock train leading edge moves upstream with the increase of the asymmetry level. With regard to asymmetric fuel injection with more of upper wall side, ‘incomplete asymmetric X type shock’ occurs and the shock train structures keep nearly the same with low level of fuel injection asymmetry. Unexpected results like unstart will happen when increasing the level of fuel injection asymmetry. And the isolator will come back to normal state by decreasing the differential of upper and lower wall sides fuel injections.     

采用长细管法进行脉动压力转捩探测的实验研究

为了简便地使用测量模型表面脉动压力特征的方法探测边界层转捩位置,需要研究脉动压力传感器接在传统测压模型外的适用性,即通过长细管将模型表面的脉动压力信号传递到脉动压力传感器上的方式是否可得到转捩的特征信号。首先采用信号发生器驱动扬声器,在无风条件下,测量了长细管对不同频率声压信号的传递损失情况。证明了所采用的长细管系统具有合适的工作频带。然后在西北工业大学NF-3低速风洞二元实验段、实验风速为30m/s的条件下,对弦长为800mm、展长为1.6m的翼型模型沿弦向进行了脉动压力信号测量,并通过改进的数据处理技术判断了模型表面的转捩位置。研究结果表明,采用长细管系统进行脉动压力方法转捩探测具有一定应用价值,值得进一步深入研究。     

展向离散抽吸法控制边界层转捩实验研究

通过实验成功发展了一种生成大振幅稳定条带的有效方法,即展向离散抽吸方法。在此基础上,开展条带控制边界层转捩的研究。实验在水洞中进行,以零压力梯度平板边界层为研究对象,利用氢气泡时间线法观测引入条带前后人工激发转捩边界层中扰动发展变化,分析条带对转捩的控制效果及参数影响。结果表明,展向离散抽吸方法生成的稳定条带最大振幅可达28.4%U(U 为自由流速度);实验中引入的宽度14和28mm 的稳定条带都能起到抑制转捩的作用;条带振幅越大、宽度越窄,抑制效果越明显。研究结果为探索降低水/空气中航行器摩阻的新技术提供有价值的参考。     

超声速尾迹-剪切流的混合增强

超声速条件下燃料和空气之间的高效混合是超然冲压发动机技术上的主要挑战。基于大涡模拟和流动稳定性分析,针对超声速尾迹-剪切流动开展了混合增强方法研究。尾迹的存在改变了混合层流动的速度剖面,对流动稳定性产生了重要影响,使混合层由三维最不稳定变为二维最不稳定,最不稳定扰动波频率和增长率增大。基于流动稳定性结果引入扰动的混合增强方式依然有效,根据稳定性结果设计了波纹隔板。数值结果表明：二维波纹壁引入的扰动未能增长,不具备混合强化效果,而三维波纹壁引入的扰动能够快速增长,具有混合强化效果,且波纹壁参数越接近最不稳定扰动波参数,混合强化效果越明显。     

A swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps

In order to apply the air fin successfully and ensure the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicle, a key problem to be studied urgently is the heat flux brought by the fin mounting gap. The appearance of mounting gap and fin shaft can induce many complex flow structures which need more attentions to be investigated. Under Ma 6, Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature Sensitive Paints (TSP) were applied to visualize and measure transient flow structures and heat flux distribution of a swept fin-induced flow field with different height mounting gaps. Complementarily, Reynolds-averaged N-S equations were solved with k-ω SST turbulent model. The heat flux distribution results of numerical simulation and TSP observed the change of high heat flux region with different mounting gap, both in position and magnitude. The streamlines based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization results obtained by NPLS revealed the cause of high heat flux region. The high heat flux region in this flow field is mainly related to the reattachment of vortex and flow stagnation. The increase of gap height can lead to stronger gap overflow and shaft-induced horseshoe vortex, which are source of the high heat flux around the fin. The case with the highest mounting gap (4 mm) en-counters the most severe aerodynamic heating, both on the surface of fin and plate. Thus, under the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the fin, the gap should be set as small as possible.     

Assessment of Two Turbulence Models and Some Compressibility Corrections for Hypersonic Compression Comers by High-order Difference Schemes

The Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model,the shear-stress transport (SST) turbulenee model and their compressibility corrections are revaluated for hypersonic compression corner flows by using high-...